While manufacturers vary greatly, on the scale of production and the kinds of products they make, Internet of Things (IoT) can add value to most, if not all. Companies can start small, using sensors to track shipments for example, but also think big, like moving to servitization.

Shifts driving adoption
As with other industries, many manufacturers must now gather more data in order to comply with regulation — for example "food to fork" rules that require chain-of-custody recording.

IoT is also creating opportunities to capture and interpret data leading to new services, avoiding commoditisation. And of course, manufacturers are always looking for ways to streamline processes and increase efficiency.

Starting Small: Tracking assets and protecting people
Inventory, equipment, and sites are extremely valuable and sensitive, so security is paramount. IoT-connected alarms, door locks, cameras, and tracking devices installed on plant, equipment, and stock offer an easy way to help staff maintain security integrity. Sensors can also protect staff and goods from hazards, such as the build-up of noxious or explosive liquids and gases.

IoT-enabled asset tracking not only provides manufacturers with better control of their logistics, but using the data can also enable them to offer their customers near real-time tracking of shipments, an appealing differentiator.

Production line monitoring and automation is one of the most mature IoT applications. By connecting production-line systems, manufacturers can move to predictive maintenance, helping to make better use of resources and reducing unplanned downtime.

This strategy can improve equipment utilisation and plant output overall. Most production-line systems already contain the necessary sensors — it's just a case of adding connectivity. Manufacturers can also track pallets, shipping containers, and equipment both on- and offsite, using location-aware IoT devices.

Using a mix of connectivity technologies, including cellular and satellite, this tracking can cover shipments across road, rail, sea, and air transport. This end-to-end monitoring reduces the chance of loss or theft, and additional sensors can be used to verify that perishable or fragile goods are kept in appropriate conditions and handled properly throughout their journey.

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