Kautilya's classic treatise ‘Arthshashtra' states, "Mines and Minerals are the source of a treasury, from which flows the power to the state." Even today, minerals and metals, such as zinc, play a crucial in industrial and economic growth, impacting both human health and all living organisms. This is the story of the fourth most used metal worldwide, made in India, embodying the spirit of ‘Make in India.'

Zinc, initially described as ‘false silver,' was found in the prehistoric ruins of Transylvania. However, references to ancient mining in India date back zinc mining to roughly 2,500 years ago, with Zawar Mines as the source. Located roughly 40 kilometres from Udaipur, Rajasthan (also known as Zinc City), carbon dating at the sites reveals remnants of wooden stairways, roofs, scaffolding supports, and an extraction method using retorts. This mining activity showcased meticulous organisation and advanced technologies for its time.

Hindustan Zinc carried forward this legacy in 1966 when India's first smelter was established at Debari, near Udaipur. With the mines to the south and the smelter to the east, the city of Udaipur soon came to be known as ‘Zinc City'. In 2002, with Hindustan Zinc's disinvestment, its production capacity soared from 2,00,000 tonnes to significantly higher levels of crossing 1 million tonnes in the previous financial year.

Following disinvestment, zinc imports steadily increased as consumption surged with India's development. The landmark ‘Make in India' campaign provided a new dawn for industrial growth. Hindustan Zinc transformed its operations, swiftly shifting to underground mining from a modest production capacity of around 8,00,000 tonnes. This turnaround not only met India's demand for zinc but also drastically reduced imports.

The ‘Make in India' initiative not only boosted indigenous manufacturing but also established various industries, further spurring growth. It's not just a campaign; it's a movement that redefined Indian manufacturing. Metals like zinc, silver, and aluminium made in India became key contributors to this transformative journey. Think of a bustling Indian cityscape; the towering skyscrapers, the enduring machinery, the intricate infrastructure - all woven together by the invisible threads of zinc, not just imported, but ‘Made in India, For India'.

India's ascent through the ‘Make in India' decade has been a testament to perseverance, innovation, and unwavering self-reliance. This innovation has been crucial, expanding zinc's usage from galvanising and diecasting to paints, alloys, medicines, fertilisers, and even batteries for a sustainable future. To meet the growing needs and applications, Hindustan Zinc ensured that supply kept pace with demand.

The empirical data supports this tale of triumph. From 2018 to 2024, zinc imports dropped dramatically compared to a decade ago. In FY24 alone, imports stood at roughly 2,18,000 tonnes which in the decade back stood at 5,00,000 tonnes.

However, this is not just a numerical victory; it's a testament to progress and resilience. The road ahead beckons with exciting prospects. Zinc's inherent sustainability positions it as a cornerstone for India's green future. Its application in lightweight materials for next-generation vehicles and innovative solar panels is just the beginning of unlocking its potential.

As India commemorates a decade of ‘Make in India,' the story of zinc, lead and silver produced in India stands as a beacon of hope - an embodiment of collective vision and action. It symbolises not only infrastructure fortification but also manufacturing prowess, innovation catalyst, and the foundation for India's standing amidst global industrial giants. This essence encapsulates the symphony of progress, resonating through the resilience of metals like zinc, chanting the anthem: ‘Made in India, For India, By India.'

In conclusion, as India charts its trajectory towards becoming a global manufacturing powerhouse, the story of zinc reflects the nation's resilience, adaptability, and unwavering commitment to progress. The ‘Make in India' saga, with its triumphs and challenges, continues to script a narrative poised for a future where Indian innovation and industrial prowess shine on the global stage.